Key Approaches to Construction Circularity: A Systematic Review of the Current State and Future Opportunities

Construction circularity is identified in 1) material design, 2) building design, 3) construction and facility management, 4) urban sustainability development, and 5) system precondition.  These five broad categories represent different levels of circularity implementation in construction and can be further decomposed into 15 key approaches to realizing circular economy strategies.  Although each approach to construction circularity has its potential and advantages, it is difficult to devise a comprehensive circular construction approach that treats all aspects properly.  This review shows the necessity to integrate stakeholders, service centers and plants, transportation networks, and local authorities to realize construction circularity at all levels.