SDGs vs ESGs: What Is the Better Measure of Sustainability?

SDGs are the most commonly used framework for the sustainability reporting of the top patent holders.  The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a globally agreed and accepted framework of practices with clearly defined indicators and goal-oriented recommendations that enable criteria-unbiased sustainability assessment.  ESG (environmental, social, and corporate governance) is ineffective for measuring development sustainability, with so many subjective interpretations of what constitutes sustainability and the difficulty in quantifying certain actions.  There is no global definition of ESG or standardized metrics, with assessments based on proprietary models.  Nor is it target-oriented or process focused, thereby fostering corporate greenwashing.