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The regulation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in investment and corporate decision-making in capital markets has reached a tipping point.  The new regulations create a standard for ESG reporting to facilitate sustainable investments.  However, the drive to advance ESG-compliant investing is also ...

GHG Protocol Scope 1 includes emissions from the combustion of fuels by sources owned or controlled by the reporting company.  Scope 2 comprises emissions from combusted fuels to generate electricity, steam, heating and cooling purchased and consumed by a company.  Scope 3 encompasses all other indirect emissions in a ...

The construction sector has focused mainly on improving its energy efficiency and the substitution of fossil fuels to decarbonize buildings.  It has largely ignored the threat from the continued growth in the built environment.  This article argues that embodied carbon in buildings can be reduced only at the strategic ...

Environmental and social (E&S) risks are the potential negative consequences to a business that result from its (perceived) impacts on the natural environment or communities.  Failure to effectively manage E&S issues in a business can lead to a range of financial, legal and reputational consequences for the com ...

Buildings that are too uneconomical to retrofit to comply with legislation, such as the EU Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and National Energy and Climate Plans, become stranded assets.  They are a significant risk for investors and property owners that have not ensured that their real estate assets are future-proofe ...