Banking & Finance

What are certain funds?

In accordance with the UK City Code on Takeover and Mergers (the “Takeover Code”), the bidder for a target company in a UK public takeover must prove that it has “certain funds” av...


What are cash flows from operating activities?

An increase in accounts receivable during the period represents an increase in the amount of revenues that were not received in cash.  The amount by which the uncollected accounts...


What are cash and accrual accounting?

Cash basis of accounting involves the recognition of revenue and expenses on a firm’s books when cash is received and paid, respectively, regardless of the period in which the corr...


What are capital requirements for financial institutions?

Credit risk is the dominant source of risk for banks and leasing companies.  The amount of capital in relation to risk weighted assets required by regulatory authorities that finan...


What are borrower concerns with loan sales?

Term and revolving loans are generally treated differently in terms of transferability.  With term loans, once they are fully drawn down, borrowers are not at risk of the lenders’...


What are bilateral and multilateral lending?

Credit or a term loan provided by a single lender to a borrower is bilateral financing, as opposed to a multilateral facility.  Most bank lending is bilateral. Bilateral lending is...


What are bilateral and multilateral lending?

Credit or a term loan provided by a single lender to a borrower is bilateral financing, as opposed to a multilateral facility.  Most bank lending is bilateral. Bilateral lending is...


What are bilateral and multilateral facilities?

Most lending is bilateral.  Credit or a term loan provided by a single lender to a borrower is bilateral financing, as opposed to a multilateral facility.  Bilateral facilities are...


What are bilateral and multilateral facilities?

Credit or a term loan provided by a single lender to a borrower is bilateral financing, as opposed to a multilateral facility.  Most bank lending is bilateral. Bilateral lending is...


What are ancillary lenders?

If a letter of credit facility is included in leveraged facilities, the bank or banks that are to issue letters of credit are issuing banks.  The letters of credit are fronted by o...


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